{"id":1259,"date":"2018-03-05T17:06:02","date_gmt":"2018-03-05T15:06:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/developers.sd\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a9-c\/"},"modified":"2026-08-14T19:37:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-14T17:37:36","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a9-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/developers.sd\/?p=1259","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 #C"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\t\u0644\u063a\u0629 C# \u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 Object-oriented \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 Type-safe \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 NET. <\/p>\n

 \/\/ \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \/\/<\/pre>\n
  \/* \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647 *\/ <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 xml \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a
\u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 IDE. <\/p>\n
 \/\/\/  \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 Parameter \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 firstParam \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<\/param> <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \/\/\/ \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\/returns> <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \/\/public void MethodOrClassOrOtherWithParsableHelp(string firstParam) {} <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\ufef7\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 Namespaces<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629
\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 Classes \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 NET. <\/p>\n
 Framework Class Library using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Dynamic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.IO; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: <\/p>\n
 using System.Data.Entity; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641 dll<\/code> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 NuGet \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064f\u0647: Install-Package EntityFramework<\/code>
\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0645 Packages \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0650\u062d\u0652\u062f\u0627\u062a Modules \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 Learning.CSharp<\/code> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/p>\n
 namespace Learning.CSharp { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 cs.<\/code> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0641 Class \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 public class LearnCSharp { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u201d \u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a++ <\/p>\n
 public static void Syntax() {     \/\/ \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f Console.WriteLine \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645     Console.WriteLine(\"Hello World\");     Console.WriteLine(         \"Integer: \" + 10 +         \" Double: \" + 3.14 +         \" Boolean: \" + true);          \/\/ \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0631 Console.Write \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645          Console.Write(\"Hello \");         Console.Write(\"World\"); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Types \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a Variables <\/h2>\n
 \t\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a  <\/code> <\/p>\n
 \tSbyte<\/code> – \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d (\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628) \u0639\u0644\u0649 8 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 128- \u0648127) <\/p>\n
 sbyte fooSbyte = 100; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tByte<\/code> – \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0642\u0637) \u0639\u0644\u0649 8 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0 \u0648255) <\/p>\n
 byte fooByte = 100; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tShort<\/code> – \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 16 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a
\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d short<\/code> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 -32,768 \u064832,767
\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a ushort<\/code> \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0 \u064865,535 <\/p>\n
 short fooShort = 10000; ushort fooUshort = 10000; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d fooInt<\/code> \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a fooUint<\/code> \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 32 \u0628\u062a <\/p>\n
 int fooInt = 1; \/\/ (-2,147,483,648 <= int <= 2,147,483,647) uint fooUint = 1; \/\/ (0 <= uint <= 4,294,967,295) <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tLong<\/code> \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d fooLong<\/code> \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a fooUlong<\/code> \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 64 \u0628\u062a <\/p>\n
 long fooLong = 100000L; \/\/ (-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 <= long <= 9,223,372,036,854,775,807) ulong fooUlong = 100000L; \/\/ (0 <= ulong <= 18,446,744,073,709,551,615) <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a default<\/code> \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648 int<\/code> \u0623\u0648 uint<\/code> \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 L<\/code> \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0648 long<\/code> \u0623\u0648 ulong<\/code> <\/p>\n
 \tDouble<\/code> - \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 64-bit IEEE 754 <\/p>\n
 double fooDouble = 123.4; \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629: 15-16 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0627 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tFloat<\/code> - \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 32-bit IEEE 754 Floating Point <\/p>\n
 float fooFloat = 234.5f; \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629: 7 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 f<\/code> \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0648 Float<\/code> <\/p>\n
 \tDecimal<\/code> - \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 128 \u0628\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 decimal fooDecimal = 150.3m; \/\/ Boolean - true & false bool fooBoolean = true; \/\/ or false <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tChar<\/code> - \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 16 \u0628\u062a \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f <\/p>\n
 `char fooChar = 'A'; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tStrings<\/code> \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a
\u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 String<\/code> - \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 - \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 Reference<\/code> \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 null<\/code> <\/p>\n
 string fooString = \"\"escape\" quotes and add n (new lines) and t (tabs)\"; Console.WriteLine(fooString); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 <\/p>\n
 char charFromString = fooString[1]; \/\/ => 'e' <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 fooString[1] = X<\/code> \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 CurrentCulture<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641 IgnoreCase<\/code> <\/p>\n
 string.Compare(fooString, \"x\", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 sprintf<\/code> <\/p>\n
 string fooFs = string.Format(\"Check Check, {0} {1}, {0} {1:0.0}\", 1, 2); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 <\/h2>\n
 DateTime fooDate = DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine(fooDate.ToString(\"hh:mm, dd MMM yyyy\")); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 Verbatim String
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 @<\/code> \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 <\/p>\n
 string path = \"C:\\Users\\User\\Desktop\"; string verbatimPath = @\"C:UsersUserDesktop\"; Console.WriteLine(path == verbatimPath);  \/\/ => true <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 @<\/code> \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \"<\/code> \u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \"\"<\/code> (\"<\/code> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646) <\/p>\n
 string bazString = @\"Here's some stuff on a new line! \"\"Wow!\"\", the masses cried\"; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 const<\/code> \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c compile time<\/code> <\/p>\n
 const int HoursWorkPerWeek = 9001; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/h2>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/strong> - \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 0<\/code> \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <\/p>\n
 \t;[]  = new []<\/code> <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 intArray<\/code> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a 10 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f <\/p>\n
 int[] intArray = new int[10]; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 <\/p>\n
 int[] y = { 9000, 1000, 1337 }; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(\"intArray @ 0: \" + intArray[0]); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644. <\/p>\n
 intArray[1] = 1; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 <\/h2>\n
 \t\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <\/p>\n
 \t;List  = new List()<\/code> <\/p>\n
 List intList = new List(); List stringList = new List(); List z = new List { 9000, 1000, 1337 }; \/\/ \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 <><\/code> \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 Generics - \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/strong> <\/p>\n
 \t\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 <\/p>\n
 intList.Add(1); Console.WriteLine(\"intList @ 0: \" + intList[0]); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627: <\/p>\n
 \t\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 Queues\/ \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0648\u0635 Stacks
\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0633 Dictionaries
HashSet<\/code>
\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 Read-only collections
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0629 Tuples (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 4 \u0645\u0646 .NET. \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642) <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 <\/h2>\n
 Console.WriteLine(\"n\u2192Operators\");   int i1 = 1, i2 = 2; \/\/ \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(i1 + i2 - i1 * 3 \/ 7); \/\/ => 3 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Modulo <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(\"11%3 = \" + (11 % 3)); \/\/ => 2 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 <\/h3>\n
 Console.WriteLine(\"3 == 2? \" + (3 == 2)); \/\/ => false Console.WriteLine(\"3 != 2? \" + (3 != 2)); \/\/ => true Console.WriteLine(\"3 > 2? \" + (3 > 2)); \/\/ => true Console.WriteLine(\"3 < 2? \" + (3 < 2)); \/\/ => false Console.WriteLine(\"2 <= 2? \" + (2 <= 2)); \/\/ => true Console.WriteLine(\"2 >= 2? \" + (2 >= 2)); \/\/ => true <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0629 Bitwise<\/code> <\/h3>\n
 \t~<\/code> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a 0 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0631)
>><\/code> \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631
<<<\/code> \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646
&<\/code> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u201c\u0648\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a
^<\/code> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u201c\u0623\u0648\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 exclusive OR
|<\/code> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u201c\u0623\u0648\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 inclusive OR <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f Incrementation <\/h3>\n
 int i = 0; Console.WriteLine(\"n->Inc\/Dec-rementation\"); Console.WriteLine(i++); \/\/Prints \"0\", i = 1. \u062a\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a Console.WriteLine(++i); \/\/Prints \"2\", i = 2. \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a Console.WriteLine(i--); \/\/Prints \"2\", i = 1. \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a Console.WriteLine(--i); \/\/Prints \"0\", i = 0. \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 <\/h2>\n
 Console.WriteLine(\"n->Control Structures\"); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 if else<\/code> \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a C<\/code> <\/p>\n
 int j = 10; if (j == 10) {     Console.WriteLine(\"I get printed\"); } else if (j > 10) {     Console.WriteLine(\"I don't\"); } else {     Console.WriteLine(\"I also don't\"); } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 <\/h3>\n
 \t\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 if else<\/code> \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <\/p>\n
 \t ?  : <\/code> <\/p>\n
 int toCompare = 17; string isTrue = toCompare == 17 ? \"True\" : \"False\"; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 While \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/h3>\n
 int fooWhile = 0; while (fooWhile < 100) {     \/\/\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 99     fooWhile++; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 Do.. While<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 int fooDoWhile = 0; do { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 99 <\/p>\n
 Start iteration 100 times, fooDoWhile 0->99 if (false)     continue; \/\/ \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629  fooDoWhile++;  if (fooDoWhile == 50)     break; \/\/ \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 } while (fooDoWhile < 100); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 for<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629: <\/p>\n
 \t(; ;  <\/p>\n
 for (int fooFor = 0; fooFor < 10; fooFor++) {     \/\/ \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c  \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 9 } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 For Each <\/h3>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 foreach<\/code> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 Object<\/code> \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 IEnumerable<\/code> \u0623\u0648 <IEnumerable
\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0633\u2026) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 .Net \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629
(\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 ()ToCharArray<\/code> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 String<\/code> \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 IEnumerable<\/code>) <\/p>\n
 foreach (char character in \"Hello World\".ToCharArray()) {     \/\/ \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 Switch <\/h3>\n
 \t\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 Switch<\/code> \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a byte<\/code>, short<\/code>, char<\/code>, \u0648int <\/code>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Enum <\/code>(\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 String <\/code>\u0648\u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: Character<\/code>,Byte<\/code>,Short<\/code>, \u0648 Integer<\/code>. <\/p>\n
 int month = 3; string monthString; switch (month) {     case 1:         monthString = \"January\";         break;     case 2:         monthString = \"February\";         break;     case 3:         monthString = \"March\";         break; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 case<\/code>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641 break; \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 goto case x<\/code> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621) <\/p>\n
 case 6: case 7: case 8:     monthString = \"Summer time!!\";         break;     default:         monthString = \"Some other month\";         break;     } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0652\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 Typecasting <\/h2>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/h3>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 String \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f Integer
\u0633\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 Exception \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 <\/p>\n
 int.Parse(\"123\");\/\/ \u0646\u062d\u0635\u064f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \"123\" <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 TryParse<\/code> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a 0 <\/p>\n
 int tryInt; if (int.TryParse(\"123\", out tryInt)) \/\/ \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629     Console.WriteLine(tryInt);       \/\/ 123 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 String
\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Convert \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 Methods \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 <\/p>\n
 Convert.ToString(123); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0623\u0648 <\/p>\n
 tryInt.ToString(); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/h3>\n
 \t\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a 15 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 int
\u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0635\u064f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 long <\/p>\n
 long x = (int) 15M; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 <\/h2>\n
 \t\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641<\/strong> <\/p>\n
 public static void Classes() { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 new \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u0641 <\/p>\n
 Bicycle trek = new Bicycle(); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 <\/p>\n
 trek.SpeedUp(3); \/\/ \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a Setter and getter methods trek.Cadence = 100; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 ToString<\/code> \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(\"trek info: \" + trek.ToString()); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 PennyFarthing<\/code> <\/p>\n
 PennyFarthing funbike = new PennyFarthing(1, 10); Console.WriteLine(\"funbike info: \" + funbike.ToString());  Console.Read(); } \/\/ \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 Main method <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u064e\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644 Console entry<\/code>. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 <\/p>\n
 public static void Main(string[] args) {     OtherInterestingFeatures(); } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 <\/p>\n
 public \/\/ \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 static \/\/ \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a int \/\/ \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0639\u0629, MethodSignatures(     int maxCount, \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a     int count = 0, \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a 0\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064e\u0645  \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639      int another = 3,     params string[] otherParams \/\/ \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627      )     {         return -1;     } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0627 <\/p>\n
 public static void MethodSignatures(     ref int maxCount, \/\/ \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629     out int count) { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 count<\/code> \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 15 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <\/p>\n
 count = 15; \/\/ \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c out \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0646\u064e\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 Generics <\/h2>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 TKey<\/code> \u0648TValue<\/code> \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644 SetDefault<\/code> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062b\u0648\u0646 <\/p>\n
 public static TValue SetDefault(     IDictionary dictionary,     TKey key,     TValue defaultItem) {     TValue result;     if (!dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out result))         return dictionary[key] = defaultItem;     return result; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <\/p>\n
 public static void IterateAndPrint(T toPrint) where T: IEnumerable { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 T<\/code> \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 IEnumerable<\/code> \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 foreach<\/code> <\/p>\n
 foreach (var item in toPrint)     \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 int     Console.WriteLine(item.ToString()); } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u201cyield\u201d <\/h2>\n
 \t\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 yield<\/code> \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 (\u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 foreach<\/code>) <\/p>\n
 public static IEnumerable YieldCounter(int limit = 10) {     for (var i = 0; i < limit; i++)         yield return i; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a <\/p>\n
 public static void PrintYieldCounterToConsole() {     foreach (var counter in YieldCounter())         Console.WriteLine(counter); } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 yield return<\/code> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 <\/p>\n
 public static IEnumerable ManyYieldCounter() {     yield return 0;     yield return 1;     yield return 2;     yield return 3; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u201cyield break\u201d \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0650\u0639 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 0 \u0648limit <\/p>\n
 public static IEnumerable YieldCounterWithBreak(int limit = 10) {     for (var i = 0; i < limit; i++)     {         if (i > limit\/2) yield break;         yield return i;     } }  public static void OtherInterestingFeatures() { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/h3>\n
 MethodSignatures(3, 1, 3, \"Some\", \"Extra\", \"Strings\"); MethodSignatures(3, another: 3); \/\/ \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 By reference<\/code>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0629 Out parameter<\/code> <\/p>\n
 BY REF AND OUT PARAMETERS int maxCount = 0, count; \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 MethodSignatures(ref maxCount, out count); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f Extension methods <\/h3>\n
 int i = 3; i.Print(); \/\/ \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629 Nullable types\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a (\u0623\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0646\u0641\u0627) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 ?<\/code> \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 <\/p>\n
 \t?  = <\/code> <\/p>\n
 int? nullable = null; \/\/ \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0640 Nullable Console.WriteLine(\"Nullable variable: \" + nullable); bool hasValue = nullable.HasValue; \/\/ \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 true \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a null <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 ??<\/code> \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647 0 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 int notNullable = nullable ?? 0; \/\/ 0 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t?.<\/code> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629 null <\/p>\n
 nullable?.Print(); \/\/ \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f Print() \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 nullable \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0646 null <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 - \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 Compiler \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631: <\/p>\n
 var magic = \"magic is a string, at compile time, so you still get type safety\"; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t;magic = 9<\/code> \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0646\u064e\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 9 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 magic<\/code> \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 <\/h2>\n
 var phonebook = new Dictionary() {     {\"Sarah\", \"212 555 5555\"} \/\/ \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 }; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 SetDefault \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(SetDefault(phonebook, \"Shaun\", \"No Phone\")); \/\/ No Phone <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f TKey<\/code> \u0648 TValue<\/code> \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(SetDefault(phonebook, \"Sarah\", \"No Phone\")); \/\/ 212 555 5555 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 Lambda expressions<\/code> - \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0631 <\/p>\n
 Func square = (x) => x * x; \/\/ \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 T \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0629     Console.WriteLine(square(3)); \/\/ 9 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 <\/h2>\n
 try {     var funBike = PennyFarthing.CreateWithGears(6); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u064e\u0630 \u0644\u0623\u0646 CreateWithGears<\/code> \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 Exception<\/code> <\/p>\n
 string some = \"\"; if (true) some = null; some.ToLower(); \/\/ \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 NullReferenceException } catch (NotSupportedException) {     Console.WriteLine(\"Not so much fun now!\"); } catch (Exception ex) \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 {     throw new ApplicationException(\"It hit the fan\", ex);     \/\/ throw; \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 callstack }     \/\/ catch { } \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a     finally {     \/\/ try \u0623\u0648 catch \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u062f } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/h3>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u2026\u0625\u0644\u062e) \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 IDisposable<\/code>
\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 using<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a IDisposable<\/code> <\/p>\n
 using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(\"log.txt\")) {     writer.WriteLine(\"Nothing suspicious here\"); } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u064f\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 <\/h2>\n
 var words = new List {\"dog\", \"cat\", \"horse\", \"pony\"};  Parallel.ForEach(words,     new ParallelOptions() { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4 },     word =>     {         Console.WriteLine(word);     } ); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0651\u0628 thread \u064a\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/p>\n
 \tcat dog horse pony
dog horse pony cat <\/p>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649) <\/p>\n
 dynamic student = new ExpandoObject(); student.FirstName = \"First Name\";   <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641) <\/p>\n
 student.Introduce = new Func(     (introduceTo) => string.Format(\"Hey {0}, this is {1}\", student.FirstName, introduceTo)); Console.WriteLine(student.Introduce(\"Beth\")); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a Collections<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629  \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 <\/p>\n
 var bikes = new List(); \/\/ \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 bikes.Sort(); \/\/ \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 bikes.Sort((b1, b2) => b1.Wheels.CompareTo(b2.Wheels)); \/\/ \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a var result = bikes         .Where(b => b.Wheels > 3) \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0629         .Where(b => b.IsBroken && b.HasTassles)         .Select(b => b.ToString()); \/\/  var sum = bikes.Sum(b => b.Wheels);  <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 Implicit objects \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 var bikeSummaries = bikes.Select(b=>new { Name = b.Name, IsAwesome = !b.IsBroken && b.HasTassles }); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 <\/p>\n
 foreach (var bikeSummary in bikeSummaries.Where(b => b.IsAwesome))     Console.WriteLine(bikeSummary.Name); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 ASPARALLEL <\/h3>\n
 \t\u0646\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a LINQ<\/code> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 var threeWheelers = bikes.AsParallel().Where(b => b.Wheels == 3).Select(b => b.Name); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0633\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u064e\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627
\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 Cores <\/p>\n
 \tLINQ <\/h2>\n
 \t\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 
\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627: LinqToSql<\/code> \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c LinqToXml<\/code> \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f XML <\/p>\n
 var db = new BikeRepository(); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0624\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/p>\n
 var filter = db.Bikes.Where(b => b.HasTassles); \/\/ no query run if (42 > 6) \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\"     filter = filter.Where(b => b.IsBroken); \/\/ no query run      var query = filter         .OrderBy(b => b.Wheels)         .ThenBy(b => b.Name)         .Select(b => b.Name); \/\/ still no query run <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 <\/p>\n
 foreach (string bike in query)     Console.WriteLine(result);     } } \/\/ \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 LearnCSharp <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 cs.<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public static class Extensions { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Extensions <\/h2>\n
 public static void Print(this object obj)     {         Console.WriteLine(obj.ToString());     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b <\/h3>\n
 public class DelegateTest {     public static int count = 0;     public static int Increment()     {         \/\/ \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629         return ++count;     } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 delegate<\/code> \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639
\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 Increment<\/code> \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 int<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public delegate int IncrementDelegate(); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062b Event<\/code> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636
\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 <\/p>\n
 public static event IncrementDelegate MyEvent;  static void Main(string[] args) { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 Increment<\/code> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 <\/p>\n
 IncrementDelegate inc = new IncrementDelegate(Increment); Console.WriteLine(inc());  \/\/ => 1 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 +<\/code> <\/p>\n
 IncrementDelegate composedInc = inc; composedInc += inc; composedInc += inc; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 composedInc<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 Increment<\/code> \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(composedInc());  \/\/ => 4 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 <\/p>\n
 MyEvent += new IncrementDelegate(Increment); MyEvent += new IncrementDelegate(Increment); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0650\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b <\/p>\n
 Console.WriteLine(MyEvent());  \/\/ => 6     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u0641: <\/h3>\n
  class {`     \/\/ \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0651.. \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644     \/\/\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0627 } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 public class Bicycle {     \/\/ \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\/\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Bicycle     public int Cadence \/\/ \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a public : \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646     {         get \/\/  \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 - \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646         {             return _cadence;         }         set \/\/ \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 - \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629         {             _cadence = value; \/\/ \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 value \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644         }     } private int _cadence;  protected virtual int Gear \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 Protected:\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0651      {         get; \/\/ \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a         set;     }  internal int Wheels \/\/ \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651 Internal: \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a          {             get;             private set; \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a         }  int _speed; \/\/ \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Private \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629          \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 private public string Name { get; set; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 <\/p>\n
 public string LongName => Name + \" \" + _speed + \" speed\";  <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 enum<\/code> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629
\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631)
\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0647\u064a byte<\/code>, sbyte<\/code>, short<\/code>, ushort<\/code>, int<\/code>, uint<\/code>, long<\/code>, \u0648 ulong<\/code> \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 enum<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public enum BikeBrand {     AIST,     BMC,     Electra = 42, \/\/ \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 enum \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a      Gitane \/\/ 43 } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Bicycle<\/code> \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u062a\u064f\u0628 Bicycle.Brand<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public BikeBrand Brand;  <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639 enum<\/code> \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 <\/p>\n
 \t\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 FlagsAttribute<\/code> \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 enum<\/code>
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Attribute<\/code> \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a\u2026\u0625\u0644\u062e
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 &<\/code> \u0648 |<\/code> \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 <\/p>\n
 [Flags] public enum BikeAccessories {     None = 0,     Bell = 1,     MudGuards = 2, \/\/ \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627     Racks = 4,     Lights = 8,     FullPackage = Bell | MudGuards | Racks | Lights } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: aBike.Accessories.HasFlag(Bicycle.BikeAccessories.Bell)<\/code>
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 NET<\/p>\n
 \t(aBike.Accessories & Bicycle.BikeAccessories.Bell) == Bicycle.BikeAccessories.Bell<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public BikeAccessories Accessories { get; set; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 static<\/code> \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f<\/p>\n
 \t;Console.WriteLine(\"Bicycles created: \" + Bicycle.bicyclesCreated)<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public static int BicyclesCreated { get; set; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f <\/p>\n
 readonly bool _hasCardsInSpokes = false; \/\/ \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a Constructors \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641
\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a <\/p>\n
 public Bicycle() {     this.Gear = 1; \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 this     Cadence = 50;  \/\/ \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a     _speed = 5;     Name = \"Bontrager\";     Brand = BikeBrand.AIST;     BicyclesCreated++; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0645\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 (\u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a) <\/p>\n
 public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, int startGear,                        string name, bool hasCardsInSpokes, BikeBrand brand)     : base() \/\/ \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627  base \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a      {         Gear = startGear;         Cadence = startCadence;         _speed = startSpeed;         Name = name;         _hasCardsInSpokes = hasCardsInSpokes;         Brand = brand;     } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 <\/p>\n
 public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, BikeBrand brand) :             this(startCadence, startSpeed, 0, \"big wheels\", true, brand)     {     } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 <\/h2>\n
 \t(   )<\/code> <\/p>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a Csharp) \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 <\/p>\n
 public void SpeedUp(int increment = 1) {     _speed += increment; }  public void SlowDown(int decrement = 1) {     _speed -= decrement; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 <\/p>\n
 private bool _hasTassles; \/\/ \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 public bool HasTassles \/\/ \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 {     get { return _hasTassles; }     set { _hasTassles = value; } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f
\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 <\/p>\n
 public bool IsBroken { get; private set; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 <\/p>\n
 public int FrameSize {     get;         \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644         \/\/Framesize \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 Bicycle  \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641     private set; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a
\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 bicycle[0]<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u201cchris\u201d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628
\u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u201cbicycle[1] = \"lisa<\/code> \u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f!) <\/p>\n
 private string[] passengers = { \"chris\", \"phil\", \"darren\", \"regina\" };  public string this[int i] {     get {         return passengers[i];     }      set {         passengers[i] = value;     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 <\/p>\n
 public virtual string Info() {     return \"Gear: \" + Gear +         \" Cadence: \" + Cadence +         \" Speed: \" + _speed +         \" Name: \" + Name +         \" Cards in Spokes: \" + (_hasCardsInSpokes ? \"yes\" : \"no\") +         \"n------------------------------n\"         ; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 static<\/code>). \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 <\/p>\n
 public static bool DidWeCreateEnoughBicycles() { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 return BicyclesCreated > 9000; }  <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627 <\/p>\n
 } \/\/ \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Bicycle <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tPennyFarthing<\/code> \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Bicycle<\/code> <\/p>\n
 class PennyFarthing : Bicycle { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t(\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0646\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a Gears<\/code> \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629) . \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 <\/p>\n
 public PennyFarthing(int startCadence, int startSpeed) :     base(startCadence, startSpeed, 0, \"PennyFarthing\", true, BikeBrand.Electra)     {     }      protected override int Gear     {         get         {             return 0;         }         set         {             throw new InvalidOperationException(\"You can't change gears on a PennyFarthing\");         }     }      public static PennyFarthing CreateWithGears(int gears)     {         var penny = new PennyFarthing(1, 1);         \/\/ \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 PennyFarthing \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a         penny.Gear = gears;         return penny;     }      public override string Info()     {         string result = \"PennyFarthing bicycle \";         result += base.ToString(); \/\/ \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628         return result;     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 <\/p>\n
 interface IJumpable {     void Jump(int meters); \/\/ \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 }  interface IBreakable {     bool Broken { get; } \/\/ \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0627 } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062b Inherit<\/code> \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 <\/p>\n
 class MountainBike : Bicycle, IJumpable, IBreakable {     int damage = 0;      public void Jump(int meters)     {         damage += meters;     }      public bool Broken     {         get         {             return damage > 100;         }     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 LinqToSql<\/code>
\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 EntityFramework Code First \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 ActiveRecord \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647) <\/p>\n
 public class BikeRepository : DbContext {     public BikeRepository()         : base()     {     }      public DbSet Bikes { get; set; } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a cs.<\/code> \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n
 \tA1.cs<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public partial class A {     public static void A1()     {         Console.WriteLine(\"Method A1 in class A\");     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \tA2.cs<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public partial class A {     public static void A2()     {         Console.WriteLine(\"Method A2 in class A\");     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 Program<\/code> \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641 A<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u064a cs.<\/code> <\/p>\n
 Program using the partial class \"A\" public class Program {     static void Main()     {         A.A1();         A.A2();     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 String interpolation \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 $<\/code> \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 { }<\/code>. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 @<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public class Rectangle {     public int Length { get; set; }     public int Width { get; set; } }  class Program {     static void Main(string[] args)     {         Rectangle rect = new Rectangle { Length = 5, Width = 3 };         Console.WriteLine($\"The length is {rect.Length} and the width is {rect.Width}\");          string username = \"User\";         Console.WriteLine([email protected]<\/a>\"C:Users{username}Desktop\");     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 C# 6 <\/p>\n
 class GlassBall : IJumpable, IBreakable { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n
 public int Damage { get; private set; } = 0; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a <\/p>\n
 public string Name { get; } = \"Glass ball\"; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u062f <\/p>\n
 public string GenieName { get; }  public GlassBall(string genieName = null) {     GenieName = genieName; }      public void Jump(int meters)     {         if (meters < 0) <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 nameof()<\/code> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064f\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641<\/p>\n
 \t\"nameof(x) == \"x<\/code> <\/p>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 <\/p>\n
     throw new ArgumentException(\"Cannot jump negative amount!\", nameof(meters));      Damage += meters; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 <\/p>\n
 public bool Broken => Damage > 100; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 <\/p>\n
 public override string ToString()             \/\/ \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a             => $\"{Name}. Damage taken: {Damage}\";          public string SummonGenie() <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629 null<\/code>
\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 x?.y<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 null<\/code> \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0646 x<\/code> \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644 null<\/code>\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 y<\/code> <\/p>\n
 => GenieName?.ToUpper(); }  static class MagicService {     private static bool LogException(Exception ex)     {         \/* \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 *\/         log exception somewhere *\/         return false;     }      public static bool CastSpell(string spell)     {         try         {             \/\/ API<\/abbr> \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629              throw new MagicServiceException(\"Spell failed\", 42);              \/\/ \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621             return true;         } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Code<\/code> \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 42 <\/p>\n
 Only catch if Code is 42 i.e. spell failed catch(MagicServiceException ex) when (ex.Code == 42) {     \/\/ \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621     return false; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 MagicServiceException<\/code> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 Code<\/code> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 42 <\/p>\n
 catch(Exception ex) when (LogException(ex)) {     \/\/ \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 }     return false; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 MagicServiceException<\/code> \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 Code<\/code> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 42 \u0623\u0648 117 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 catch-all<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f <\/p>\n
 public class MagicServiceException : Exception {     public int Code { get; }      public MagicServiceException(string message, int code) : base(message)     {         Code = code;     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 Obsolete <\/h3>\n
 public static class PragmaWarning {  [Obsolete(\"Use NewMethod instead\", false)] public static void ObsoleteMethod() {     \/*\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 *\/ }  public static void NewMethod() {     \/* \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 *\/ }  public static void Main() {     ObsoleteMethod();  <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0645 Obsolete<\/code> \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n
 \tCS0618: 'ObsoleteMethod is obsolete: Use NewMethod instead'<\/code> <\/p>\n
 \t\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 <\/p>\n
 #pragma warning disable CS0618     ObsoleteMethod(); \/\/ \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631 #pragma warning restore CS0618     ObsoleteMethod(); \/\/ CS0618: 'ObsoleteMethod is obsolete: Use NewMethod instead'         }     } } \/\/ \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 <\/code><\/pre>\n
 using System; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a C# 6: \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 static<\/code> \u0645\u0639 using<\/code> <\/p>\n
 using static System.Math;  namespace Learning.More.CSharp {     class StaticUsing     {         static void Main()         {             \/\/ using \u0645\u0639 static \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645              Console.WriteLine(\"The square root of 4 is {}.\", Math.Sqrt(4));             \/\/ using \u0645\u0639 static \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645              Console.WriteLine(\"The square root of 4 is {}.\", Sqrt(4));         }     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a C# 7
\u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 Microsoft.Net.Compilers \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Nuget
\u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 System.ValueTuple \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Nuget <\/p>\n
 using System; namespace Csharp7 { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 Tuples<\/code>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 DECONSTRUCTION<\/code> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a Discards<\/code> <\/p>\n
 class TuplesTest {     public (string, string) GetName()     {     \/\/ Item1\u060c Item2 .... \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0640      var names1 = (\"Peter\", \"Parker\");     Console.WriteLine(names1.Item2);  \/\/ => Parker <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644
\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 <\/p>\n
 (string FirstName, string LastName) names2 = (\"Peter\", \"Parker\"); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/p>\n
 var names3 = (First:\"Peter\", Last:\"Parker\");      Console.WriteLine(names2.FirstName);  \/\/ => Peter     Console.WriteLine(names3.Last);  \/\/ => Parker          return names3; }  public string GetLastName() { var fullName = GetName(); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 <\/p>\n
 (string firstName, string lastName) = fullName; <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 _ <\/p>\n
 Fields in a deconstructed tuple can be discarded by using _ var (_, last) = fullName; return last; } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 Deconstruct<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public int randomNumber = 4; public int anotherRandomNumber = 10;  public void Deconstruct(out int randomNumber, out int anotherRandomNumber) {     randomNumber = this.randomNumber;     anotherRandomNumber = this.anotherRandomNumber; }  static void Main(string[] args) {     var tt = new TuplesTest();     (int num1, int num2) = tt;     Console.WriteLine($\"num1: {num1}, num2: {num2}\");  \/\/ => num1: 4, num2: 10      Console.WriteLine(tt.GetLastName());     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 Pattern matching <\/h2>\n
 class PatternMatchingTest { public static (string, int)? CreateLogMessage(object data) {     switch(data)     {     \/\/ when  \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645          case System.Net.Http.HttpRequestException h when h.Message.Contains(\"404\"):         return (h.Message, 404);     case System.Net.Http.HttpRequestException h when h.Message.Contains(\"400\"):         return (h.Message, 400);     case Exception e:          return (e.Message, 500);     case string s:         return (s, s.Contains(\"Error\") ? 500 : 200);     case null:         return null;     default:         return (data.ToString(), 500);         }     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 Reference locals
\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 Reference \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 <\/p>\n
 class RefLocalsTest { <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 ref \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 return<\/code> <\/p>\n
 public static ref string FindItem(string[] arr, string el) {     for(int i=0; i apple     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 Local functions <\/h2>\n
 class LocalFunctionTest {     private static int _id = 0;     public int id;     public LocalFunctionTest()     {         id = generateId(); <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 <\/p>\n
 int generateId()     {         return _id++;     } }  public static void AnotherMethod() {     var lf1 = new LocalFunctionTest();     var lf2 = new LocalFunctionTest();     Console.WriteLine($\"{lf1.id}, {lf2.id}\");  \/\/ => 0, 1      int id = generateId();     \/\/ \u062e\u0637\u0623     \/\/ error CS0103: The name 'generateId' does not exist in the current context         }     } } <\/code><\/pre>\n
 \t\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 -\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641- \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 Learn C# in Y Minutes<\/a> <\/p>\n